Antiangiogenic effect of dasatinib in murine models of oxygen-induced retinopathy and laser-induced choroidal neovascularization

Purpose Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a principal mediator of pathological ocular neovascularization, which is the leading cause of blindness in various ocular diseases. As Src, a non-receptor tyrosine kinase, has been implicated as one of the major signaling molecules in VEGF-mediated neovascularization, the present study aimed to investigate whether dasatinib, a potent Src kinase inhibitor, could suppress pathological ocular neovascularization in murine models of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) and choroidal neovascularization (CNV). Methods Tube formation, scratch wounding migration, and cell proliferation assays were performed to measure the inhibitory effect of dasatinib on VEGF-induced angiogenesis in human retinal microvascular endothelial cells. Murine models of OIR and laser-induced CNV were used to assess the preventive effect of an intravitreal injection of dasatinib on pathological neovascularization in the retina and choroid. Neovascularization and Src phosphorylation were evaluated with immunofluorescence staining. Results Dasatinib efficiently inhibited VEGF-induced endothelial proliferation, wounding migration, and tube formation. In mice with OIR and laser injury-induced CNV, eyes treated with a single intravitreal injection of dasatinib exhibited significant decreases in pathological neovascularization compared with that of controls injected with vehicle. The dasatinib-treated OIR mice also showed a decrease in Src phosphorylation in the periretinal tufts. The intravitreal injection of dasatinib did not cause ocular toxicity at the treatment dose administered. Conclusions These results demonstrated that dasatinib suppressed pathological neovascularization in the mouse retina and choroid. Therefore, dasatinib may be indicated for the treatment of ischemia-induced proliferative retinopathy and neovascular age-related macular degeneration.