Analysis of Oxidative Stress in Gill and Liver of Oreochromis Mossambicus (peters) Living in the Palaman River, Chidambaram, Tamilnadu, India

In the aquatic environment, despite the presence of constitutive or enhanced antioxidant defence systems, increased levels of oxidative damage will occur in organisms exposed to contaminants that stimulate the production of reactive oxygen species. The increased ROS production and subsequent oxidative stress has been associated with a pollutant-mediated mechanism of toxicity in fish organs. The present study has been designed to understand the oxidative stress response modulation in fish gill and liver focussing on the various antioxidants that counter peroxidative damage in the fish Oreochromis mossambicus collected from Palaman river, Chidambaram, Tamilnadu at different seasons from January to December 2014.. Water samples were collected between7.00am and 9.00am. The months were divided into different seasons such as Post Monsoon (January, February and March); Summer (April, May and June); Pre-Monsoon (July, August and September) and Monsoon (October, November and December). The average of monthly data was taken for representing the seasonal data. The analysis of the physical as well as chemical parameters of water such as water temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, chloride, sulphate, nitrate and BOD using standard protocols. In general, the water quality parameters were within the permissible limit. The activities of antioxidant enzymes were analysed and the mean SOD and CAT activities were found to be significantly higher in liver (P < 0.05). However, the activity of gill CAT was found to be significantly lower (P < 0.05). The mean activities of G6PD in liver and gill were also studied. The G6PD enzyme values were significantly higher in the liver, whereas the activity of G6PD in the gill of fish was lower (P < 0.05). The values of GSH in liver of the fish were observed to be significantly higher (P < 0.05) whereas GSH levels in gill values were lower. The mean values of LPO in liver and gill of the O. mossambicus were found to be higher. Particularly in gill tissue, LPO level was found to be about 6 times higher. © 2015 Universal Research Publications. All rights reserved