Digital Watermarking of 3D Head Model Animation Parameters

The enforcement of intellectual property rights is dif-cult for digital data. One possibility to support the enforcement is the embedding of digital watermarks containing information about copyright owner and/or receiver of the data. Watermarking methods have already been presented for audio, images, video, and polygonal 3D models. In this paper, we present a method for digital watermarking of model animation parameter data sets, for example MPEG-4 facial animation parameters. The watermarks are additively embedded into the parameter values and can be retrieved either from the watermarked parameters or from video sequences rendered using the watermar-ked animation parameters for head animation. For retrieval from rendered sequences, the facial animation parameters have to be estimated rst using appropriate estimation methods. Experimental results connrm the applicability of the presented watermar-king technique.