Yawning in an old world monkey, Macaca nigra (primates: Cercopithecidae)

نویسنده

  • John Hadidian
چکیده

A gaping movement of the mouth, commonly called yawning, has been identified in all major classes of vertebrates, including fish (BAERENDS & BAERENDS, 1950; MORRIS, 1954), amphibians and reptiles (MCCUTCHEON, 1970), birds (MARLER, 1956; DFLIUS, 1967) and mammals (CARPENTER, 1940; BARBIZET, 1958; SCHALLER, 1972). Detailed studies of the ethology of this behavior pattern include those of SAUER & SAUER (1967) on the South African ostrich (Struthio camelus australis) and RASA (1971) on the jewel fish (Microspathodon chrysurus). In most animals yawning is interpreted primarily as a maintenance activity which correlates with drowsiness and fatigue (SAUER & SAUFR, 1967). The yawn is often said to function directly as a means of increasing the supply of oxygen to the brain following periods of lowered activity or arousal (BARBIZET, 1958; ALTMANN, 1967). In the jewel fish, however, yawning correlates with increasing excitement and decreasing activity levels, and is evoked through either endogenous or exogenous stimulation (RASA, 1971).

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تاریخ انتشار 2002