Integrating Case Based Reasoning and Tabu Search for Solving Optimisation Problems
نویسندگان
چکیده
Tabu search is an established heuristic optimisation technique for problems where exact algorithms are not available. It belongs to the same family as simulated annealing or genetic algorithms. It extends the basic iterative improvement scheme by adding control learning. A technique of this kind, intensification, captures experience established on a frequency-based analysis of past search. Experience is reused while the same optimisation process is going on in order to guide search to better solutions. In this paper, we introduce a case-based reasoning approach for control learning in tabu search. Search experience concerns operator selection and is represented by cases. The aim of case reuse is to improve conflict resolution. While the proposed method is domain independent, we present its application to the NPhard uncapacitated facility location problem. Experimental results show that adding our approach to a basic tabu search optimisation significantly improves solution quality on the evaluated benchmark problems. It reduces the gap to the optimal solution by a factor of nearly 2. Résumé La Recherche Tabou est une heuristique établie permettant d'optimiser des problèmes pour lesquels des algorithmes exacts ne sont pas utilisables. Elle appartient à la même famille de techniques que le recuit simulé et les algorithmes génétiques. Cette méthode étend le cycle basic d'amélioration itérative en recourant à des techniques d'apprentissage de contrôle de recherche. Une parmi ces dernières, l'intensification, tente d'acquérir de l'expérience de contrôle à partir d'une analyse fréquentielle de la recherche antérieure. Cette expérience est ensuite réutilisée afin de mieux guider la recherche ultérieure sur la même instance de problèmes. Dans cet article, nous introduisons une technique de raisonnement à partir de cas pour l'apprentissage de contrôle dans la méthode tabou. Les cas représentent l'expérience relative à la sélection des opérateurs. Ils sont réutilisés afin d'améliorer la résolution de conflits. La méthode étant indépendante du domaine, nous l'illustrons par son application au problème NP-dur de placement et d'allocation d'entités. Les résultats expérimentaux montrent que l'ajout de la méthode proposée, à une technique de recherche tabou simple, améliore la qualité des solutions identifiées pour des problèmes de références. L'écart entre les solutions produites et la solution optimale se trouve réduit peu ou prou d'un facteur 2. This paper has been published in: First International Conference on Case-based Reasoning, 1995, in: Aamodt A., Veloso M. (eds.), Case-Based Reasoning Research and Developpement, Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence 1010, Springer Verlag, Berlin, 1995, p. 451-60 Integrating Case Based Reasoning and Tabu Search for Solving Optimisation Problems Stephan Grolimund Jean-Gabriel Ganascia Université Pierre et Marie Curie Paris VI LAFORIA IBP CNRS 4, place Jussieu, BP 169 F-75252 Paris Cedex 5, France E-mail: {grolimund, ganascia}@laforia.ibp.fr
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