Two new modern records of the southern oyster drill Stranionita haemastoraa floridana (Conrad, 1837) in Chesapeake Bay, USA

\A\e southern oyster drills, Stranionita haemastoma floridana (Conrad, 1837), have been collected from two Chesapeake Bay western shore tributaries. Four specimens were collected between Brown Shoal and Thomas Rock in the lower James River in February 2005. Thirteen live southern oyster drills were collected from Back Biver in April 2006. Identification of these drills as Stramonita haemastoma floridana has been confirmed using DNA bar-coding data. Southern oyster drills collected in Chesapeake Bay are genetically nearly identical to populations from the Atlantic coast, and differ significantly from populations from the Azores and from the Gulf of Mexico. These collections mark the first reported records of live southern oyster drills from within the Chesapeake Bay estuar)'. It is unknown if these drills represent isolated introductions or expansions of the northern range this species. Water temperature patterns in Chesapeake Bay and the Mid-Atlantic Bight from 1990-2005 are similar to those obser\'ed in the late 1950s when Stramonita haemastoma floridana was first found living in Chincoteague Bay, Maryland. Additional