Tendinosis in Trigger Finger

...................................................................................................... 9 THESIS AND SPECIFIC AIMS ....................................................................... 11 LIST OF PAPERS ............................................................................................ 13 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................ 15 Terminology .................................................................................................. 15 Trigger finger ............................................................................................. 15 Tendinosis and tendinopathy ...................................................................... 16 Inflammation .............................................................................................. 16 Normal tendon structure and molecular biology............................................. 16 Normal finger flexor system .......................................................................... 19 Historic remarks ............................................................................................ 20 TENDINOSIS .................................................................................................. 25 General remarks ............................................................................................ 25 Appearance and pathology ............................................................................. 25 Histology .................................................................................................... 25 Histological classification of tendinosis ..................................................... 26 Sonography ................................................................................................ 26 Aetiology ....................................................................................................... 27 Drug exposure, in particular statins ........................................................... 28 Treatment ...................................................................................................... 29 Glucocorticoid injections ........................................................................... 29 TRIGGER FINGER.......................................................................................... 31 General remarks ............................................................................................ 31 SECONDARY TRIGGER FINGER ................................................................. 33 Congenital trigger thumb and finger .............................................................. 33 Trigger finger in rheumatoid arthritis ............................................................. 33 Other causes of secondary trigger fingers ...................................................... 33