Alexis Carrel (1873-1944)
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چکیده
Alexis Carrel [5] was a doctor and researcher who studied tissue cultures. He continued Ross Granville Harrison?s research and produced many improvements in the field of tissue culture and surgery. He was the recipient of the 1912 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine [6] for his development of surgical techniques to repair blood vessels. Carrel was born on 28 June 1873 in Sainte-Foy-les-Lyon, France, to Anne-Marie Ricard and Alexis Carrel [5] Billiard. His father died when he was five years old. Carrel earned a bachelor?s degree in letters in 1889 and another in science in 1890 from St. Joseph?s Day School in Lyon, France. He entered medical school at the age of seventeen and was regarded as a good but not exceptional student. The assassination of Sadi Carnot, a French politician visiting Lyon who was stabbed in the abdomen and died from the loss of blood, further interested him in surgery.
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Alexis Carrel (1873-1944): pioneer of vascular surgery and organ transplantation.
P rior to the 1900s, to sever a major central blood vessel meant certain death, and to injure an artery in an extremity would mean an amputation. However, Alexis Carrel, a French-born physician–scientist and controversial historical figure, developed successful vascular suturing techniques that dramatically shifted the odds of life and limb salvage. Carrel later pursued organ transplantation wi...
متن کاملAlexis Carrel (1873-1944): Nobel Laureate, 1912.
A lexis Carrel, recipient of the 1912 Nobel Prize in Medicine, was born in a small townnear Lyon, France, on June 28, 1873. His father, a wealthy textile manufacturer, died when he was 5 years old. He was educated in Jesuit schools and entered medical school in 1890, at the age of 17. During the 1890s, Carrel interned at several hospitals near Lyon and was described as a “good but not brilliant...
متن کاملAlexis Carrel. Visionary surgeon
W. STERLING EDWARDS and PETER D. EDWARDS, Alexis Carrel. Visionary surgeon, Springfield, Ill., Charles C Thomas, 1974, 8vo, pp. xi, 143, illus., $5.00. Alexis Carrel (1873-1944) was an outstanding French-born surgeon who spent most of his professional life at the Rockefeller Institute, New York City (1903-1939). He received a Nobel Prize in 1912 and his main contributions were to vascular surge...
متن کاملThe Strange Case of Alexis Carrel, Eugenicist
A prominent scientist, humanitarian, and spiritual author, Alexis Carrel received the highest accolades from his scientific peers and his native France. But he was also a leading eugenicist. In his prolific interwar writings he advocated the state’s use of sterilization and euthanasia on eugenic grounds. In his work for the Vichy regime he directed programs aimed at the elimination of those con...
متن کامل"On the Permanent Life of Tissues outside of the Organism" (1912), by Alexis Carrel
?On the Permanent Life of Tissues outside of the Organism? reports Alexis Carrel [5]'s 1912 experiments on the maintenance of tissue in culture media. At the time, Carrel was a French surgeon and biologist working at the Rockefeller Institute [6] in New York City. In his paper, Carrel reported that he had successfully maintained tissue cultures, which derived from connective tissues of developi...
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