Hepatobiliary Disorders Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease
نویسندگان
چکیده
INTRODUCTION Ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD) are idiopathic conditions that primarily affect the gastrointestinal tract, but also are associated with a variety of systemic or extra-intestinal manifestations. These extra-intestinal manifestations may implicate multiple organ systems. For some of these disorders there is evidence that the severity and duration of the inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may influence the course of the extra-intestinal manifestations, whereas others are independent of the underlying bowel disease. The pathogenesis of these manifestations remains elusive. Hepatobiliary complications commonly occur in IBD (Table 1). Of these complications, primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is the most serious and is an A SPECIAL ARTICLE
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