Incidence and predictors of unplanned non-target lesion revascularisation up to three years after drug-eluting stent implantation: insights from a pooled analysis of the RESOLUTE Global Clinical Trial Program.

AIMS To compare the incidence and predictors of target lesion revascularisation (TLR) and non-TLR after percutaneous coronary intervention with drug-eluting stents (DES). METHODS AND RESULTS We pooled patient-level data on 6,137 patients (Resolute zotarolimus-eluting stent: 5,016, XIENCE everolimus-eluting stent: 1,121) in the RESOLUTE Global Program. At three years, clinically driven TLR, unplanned non-TLR, and no revascularisation occurred in 186, 618, and 5,333 patients, respectively. On multivariate analysis, predictors of both TLR and non-TLR were pre-procedure diameter stenosis (%) (odds ratio [OR] 1.01, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.01-1.02], and OR 0.99 [0.99-1.00]), diabetes (OR 1.46 [1.07-1.99], and OR 1.37 [1.15-1.64]), and prior PCI (OR 1.42 [1.01-2.00], and OR 1.41 [1.18-1.68]). Baseline characteristics associated with TLR only were prior coronary artery bypass graft surgery (OR 2.85 [1.91-4.27]), in-stent restenosis (OR 2.35 [1.43-3.83]), age (OR 0.98 per year [0.97-1.00]), hypertension (OR 1.64 [1.10-2.44]), and pre-procedure reference vessel diameter (OR 0.74 per mm [0.55-0.99]). Baseline characteristics associated with non-TLR only were lesion location (left anterior descending vs. all others) (OR 0.70 [0.59-0.83]), and hyperlipidaemia (OR 1.42 [1.15-1.75]). CONCLUSIONS The cumulative incidence of non-TLR at three years in patients treated with current-generation DES was almost three times higher than TLR.