Soil Water, Temperature Regime and Growth of Young Oak Stands Grown in Lysimeters Subjected to Drought Stress and Air Warming
نویسندگان
چکیده
In a 3-year lysimeter experiment we investigated how young trees of Quercus robur, Q. petraea and Q. pubescens, growing either on acidic loamy sand or calcareous sandy loam, responded to an elevation in air temperature by 1-2°C and drought periods lasting several weeks. As intended, the water potentials were clearly lower in drought-treated soil than in the control treatment. Decreased evapotranspiration from the drought-stressed stands led to significantly higher air temperatures due to reduced transpirational chilling. The air-warming treatment had only little effect on soil water availability and evapotranspiration. The effects on water consumption by the trees were paralleled by the effects on tree growth. Drought significantly reduced shoot growth, whereas growth did not respond to air-warming. The trees allocated relatively more biomass into roots and less into shoots than trees not subjected to drought. There was no mortality in any of the treatments, demonstrating that by reducing their growth rates young oaks can resist drought stress quite well. Oaks growing on irrigated acidic soil consumed more water and produced longer shoots than on the calcareous soil, suggesting that growth was limited by an additional factor: preliminary leaf mineral analyses indicate a potential manganese deficiency in these soils. Zusammenfassung: In einem dreijährigen Lysimeterexperiment untersuchten wir, wie Jungbäume von Quercus robur, Q. petraea and Q. pubescens auf zwei verschiedenen Bodentypen, einem sandiglehmigen kalkhaltigen und einem lehmigsandigen sauren, auf erhöhte Lufttemperaturen und längere Trockenperioden reagieren. Wie erwartet sanken die Bodenwasserpotentiale in den Behandlungen mit Trockenperioden auf viel tiefere Werte ab als in den Kontrollen. Dadurch war auf diesen Böden das Wachstum wie auch die Evapotranspiration deutlich niedriger. Dies führte aufgrund von fehlender Transpirationskühlung zu signifikant höheren Lufttemperaturen. Die Behandlung Lufterwärmung hatte weder auf das Wachstum noch auf den Wasserverbrauch einen Effekt. Trockengestresste Eichen investierten relativ gesehen mehr in das Wurzelund weniger in das Sprosswachstum als Eichen mit genügender Wasserversorgung. In keiner der Behandlungen starben Bäume. Dies zeigt an, dass Eichen mit der Reduktion ihres Wachstums in der Lage sind, längere Trockenperioden ohne grösseren Schaden zu überdauern. Eichen auf dem sauren Boden transpirierten mehr Wasser und produzierten signifikant längere Triebe als auf dem kalkhaltigen Boden. Dieses Ergebnis deutet darauf hin, dass auf dem kalkhaltigen Boden ein zusätzlicher Faktor, möglicherweise Mangan, limitierend war.
منابع مشابه
Water regime and growth of young oak stands subjected to air-warming and drought on two different forest soils in a model ecosystem experiment.
Global climate change is expected to increase annual temperatures and decrease summer precipitation in Central Europe. Little is known of how forests respond to the interaction of these climate factors and if their responses depend on soil conditions. In a 3-year lysimeter experiment, we investigated the growth response of young mixed oak stands, on either acidic or calcareous soil, to soil wat...
متن کاملA Phenological Timetable of Oak Growth under Experimental Drought and Air Warming
Climate change is expected to increase temperature and decrease summer precipitation in Central Europe. Little is known about how warming and drought will affect phenological patterns of oaks, which are considered to possess excellent adaptability to these climatic changes. Here, we investigated bud burst and intra-annual shoot growth of Quercus robur, Q. petraea and Q. pubescens grown on two d...
متن کاملChanges in the Dynamics of Foliar N Metabolites in Oak Saplings by Drought and Air Warming Depend on Species and Soil Type
Climate change poses direct or indirect influences on physiological mechanisms in plants. In particular, long living plants like trees have to cope with the predicted climate changes (i.e. drought and air warming) during their life span. The present study aimed to quantify the consequences of simulated climate change for foliar N metabolites over a drought-rewetting-drought course. Saplings of ...
متن کاملWood anatomical responses of oak saplings exposed to air warming and soil drought.
Water is vital for plant performance and survival. Its scarcity, induced by a seasonal decline in soil water availability or an increase of evaporative demand, can cause failures of the water conducting system. An adequate tolerance to drought and the ability to acclimate to changing hydraulic conditions are important features for the survival of long-lived woody plants in dry environments. In ...
متن کاملProvenance-specific growth responses to drought and air warming in three European oak species (Quercus robur, Q. petraea and Q. pubescens).
Provenance-specific growth responses to experimentally applied drought and air warming were studied in saplings of three European oak species: Quercus robur, Quercus petraea and Quercus pubescens. Four provenances of each species were grown in large open-top chambers and subjected to four climates: control, periodic drought, air warming or their combination in 3 subsequent years. Overall growth...
متن کامل