Simultaneous hepatic resection benefits patients with synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastases

OBJECTIVE The safety of the simultaneous resection of synchronous colorectal cancer liver metastases (SCRLM) is still being debated. However, this simultaneous operative approach is more commonly adopted at present than in the past. Therefore, we compared simultaneous hepatic resection with delayed hepatic resection in this study. METHODS All patients with SCRLM diagnosed before initial treatment between January 2009 and September 2013 were retrospectively included in our study. Short-term and long-term outcomes were compared in patients who underwent simultaneous colorectal and hepatic resection and those treated by delayed hepatectomy. RESULTS Among the 73 patients diagnosed with SCRLM, simultaneous colorectal and hepatic resection was performed in 60 patients (82.2%), while delayed hepatic resection was performed in 13 patients (17.8%). The mortality rate was zero. The postoperative complication rate after delayed resection was higher than, but not significantly different from, that after simultaneous resection (46% vs. 23%, P=0.166). The duration of operating time (240 vs. 420 min, P<0.05) and postoperative hospital stay time (11 vs. 18 days, P<0.05) were shorter in the simultaneous resection group. After the initial treatments were given, the 1-, 2-, and 3-year survival rates in the simultaneous resection group were 77%, 59%, and 53%, respectively, whereas those in the delayed resection group were 67%, 42%, and 10%, respectively. The 5-year survival rate in the simultaneous resection group was 23%; overall survival differed significantly between the two groups (P=0.037). Median disease-free survival (DFS) times were 19.1 months in the simultaneous resection group and 8.8 months in the delayed resection group. DFS differed significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS Simultaneous colorectal and hepatic resection is safe and exhibits advantages in the long-time survival of patients.