Wood elasticity of several Coffea canephora Pierre clones. A new trait to be included in selection schemes
نویسندگان
چکیده
Genetic improvement of tree crops cultivated for their fruits or seeds does not usually take into account the physical properties of their wood. Yet, wood breakage in coffee trees during harvests or lodging are major defects in some cultivars. Such defects are linked to certain physical properties of the wood, such as elasticity, which is characterized by a parameter used in resistance testing of materials: the modulus of elasticity (MOE), or Young’s modulus. The MOE of several coffee clones (Coffea canephora) was therefore evaluated in the Ivory Coast and in Togo. An estimation of broad sense heritability for the MOE gave a value of around 0.3. The species can therefore be genetically improved for this parameter. The MOE could also be used to predict certain traits of agronomical interest. Moreover, it is necessary to estimate this parameter to model coffee tree architecture, notably with a view to establishing eco-physiological models. The measuring method is to be improved, so as to obtain more accurate estimations. modulus of elasticity (MOE) / wood physics / heritability / Coffea canephora Résumé – Élasticité du bois de plusieurs clones de Coffea canephora Pierre. Un nouveau caractère à considérer dans les schémas de sélection. Les propriétés physiques du bois ne sont généralement pas prises en compte dans l’amélioration génétique des espèces pérennes cultivées pour leurs fruits ou leurs graines. Pourtant, chez le caféier, la casse du bois durant les récoltes ou la verse sont des défauts majeurs de certains cultivars. Ces défauts sont liés à certaines propriétés physiques du bois comme l’élasticité, caractérisée par un paramètre utilisé en résistance des matériaux : le module d’élasticité ou module de Young. Le module d’élasticité de plusieurs clones de caféiers (Coffea canephora) a donc été évalué en Côte d’Ivoire et au Togo. L’estimation de l’héritabilité au sens large du module d’élasticité donne une valeur proche de 0.3. Ce paramètre peut donc être amélioré par voie génétique. Le module d’élasticité pourrait également être utilisé comme prédicteur de certains caractères d’intérêt agronomique. Par ailleurs, l’estimation de ce paramètre est nécessaire pour la modélisation architecturale des caféiers, notamment dans la perspective d’établir des modèles éco-physiologiques. Des améliorations de la méthode de mesure sont envisagées pour obtenir des estimations plus précises du module d’élasticité. module d’élasticité / physique du bois / héritabilité / Coffea canephora Agronomie 20 (2000) 439–444 439 © INRA, EDP Sciences 2000 * Correspondence and reprints [email protected]
منابع مشابه
Drought tolerance is associated with rooting depth and stomatal control of water use in clones of Coffea canephora.
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