Effects of patient-controlled music therapy during coronary angiography on procedural pain and anxiety distress syndrome.

All authors are employed at the Kingston General Hospital in Kingston, Ontario. Kathy Bally is a clinical instructor for the coronary care unit, cardiovascular laboratory, cardiology unit, and the cardiac devices clinic. Debbie Campbell is the regional cardiac care coordinator with the Cardiac Care Network and is project leader of multicenter trials in critical care. Kathy Chesnick is the professional practice leader in nursing at Kingston General Hospital and Hotel Dieu Hospital. Joan E. Tranmer is director of nursing research at Kingston General Hospital and an assistant professor in the school of nursing at Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario.