Mycotic aneurysms of the intrapulmonary arteries.

In the case presented, multiple aneurysms of the peripheral pulmonary arteries occurred in a child with secondary pulmonary hypertension complicated by bacterial endocarditis. Study of other reported cases suggests that pulmonary hypertension may be significantly associated with the development of mycotic aneurysms. As surgical resection of aneurysms has been at least temporarily successful, increased attention may be given to control of infection in these patients and to the appreciation of the frequency of aneurysms of the main pulmonary artery as well as peripheral pulmonary arteries in patients with congenital heart disease and pulmonary hypertension complicated by bacterial endocarditis.