Ankle Brachial Pressure Index: as a Predictor of Peripheral Arterial Disease in Diabetic & Non Diabetic Subjects

Background: Peripheral arterial disease is known to be associated with the diabetes and ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) can be used to screen such patients having PAD. Aims & Objective: To highlight the application of ankle brachial pressure index as a routine procedure and to assess the feasibility of using ABPI in detecting PAD in the patients of diabetes mellitus. Material and Methods: 30 Diabetic and 30 Non diabetic patients were recruited. Details regarding anthropometric measurements, blood sugar levels, lipid profile, Edinburgh questionnaire, peripheral pulse examinations etc. were filled in preformed questionnaire. Ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI) was measured with the help of Handheld Doppler machine. Descriptive statistics in the form of frequency and percentage is used for description of data. Chi-square test was used for comparison of events in two groups. Results: PAD was more common in old age but found not to be associated with gender. Body mass index, surface area and wait hip ration was significant more in PAD group as compared to non-PAD. All blood sugar parameters [Fasting blood sugar (FBS), postprandial blood sugar after 2 hours (PP2BS) and Glycosylated haemoglobin (HB1AC)] were significantly more in PAD group as compared to non-PAD. High density lipoprotein was significantly less in PAD group as compared to non-PAD. Triglyceride, Total Cholesterol and Low density lipoprotein was significantly more in PAD group as compared to non-PAD. ABPI was significantly less in diabetics as compared to non-diabetics. More diabetics were in having PAD as compared to non-diabetics. Conclusion: PAD is found to be associated with more weight, adverse lipid profile and diabetes. ABPI can be used to screen the PAD in diabetic patients. KEY-WORDS: Peripheral Arterial Disease; Diabetes; AnkleBrachial Pressure Index; Lipid Profile