HIV Prevalence among Aboriginal British Columbians

CONTEXT There is considerable concern about the spread of HIV disease among Aboriginal peoples in British Columbia. OBJECTIVE To estimate the number of Aboriginal British Columbians infected with HIV. DESIGN AND SETTING A population-based analysis of Aboriginal men and women in British Columbia, Canada from 1980 to 2001. PARTICIPANTS Epidemic curves were fit for gay and bisexual men, injection drug users, men and women aged 15 to 49 years and persons over 50 years of age. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES HIV prevalence for the total Aboriginal population was modeled using the UNAIDS/WHO Estimation and Projection Package (EPP). Monte Carlo simulation was used to estimate potential number infected for select transmission group in 2001. RESULTS A total of 170,025 Aboriginals resided in British Columbia in 2001, of whom 69% were 15 years and older. Of these 1,691 (range 1,479-1,955) men and women aged 15 years and over were living with HIV with overall prevalence ranging from 1.26% to 1.66%. The majority of the persons infected were men. Injection drug users (range 1,202-1,744) and gay and bisexual men (range 145, 232) contributed the greatest number of infections. Few persons infected were from low risk populations. CONCLUSION More than 1 in every 100 Aboriginals aged 15 years and over was living with HIV in 2001. Culturally appropriate approaches are needed to tailor effective HIV interventions to this community.