Adequate adherence to benzathine penicillin secondary prophylaxis following the diagnosis of rheumatic heart disease by echocardiographic screening.

AIMS The primary aim of this study was to determine adherence to benzathine penicillin (BPG) for individuals diagnosed with rheumatic heart disease (RHD) by echocardiographic screening between 2007-2012. METHODS BPG records were obtained for 57 patients, median age 12 at time of diagnosis. A 'days at risk' analysis was undertaken. Annual adherence was calculated for each individual. A comparison with the Wellington region's Rheumatic Fever 2013 adherence data was undertaken. RESULTS Adherence to BPG was good with a median follow-up time of 5.8 years. Days at risk analysis: median 0% at year one and 2.7% at year five. The median adherence for the entire cohort over the entire follow-up period was 92%, range 0-100%. There was no difference of proportions of late doses compared to the Wellington region. Median adherence was higher for register based (94%, n=48) compared to primary health care penicillin delivery (37%, n=7), p<0.005. During follow-up, 30% of the cohort moved between regions or overseas. CONCLUSIONS Good adherence rates are achievable for secondary prophylaxis when RHD is diagnosed by echocardiographic screening. This likely reflects the benefit of rheumatic fever registers and community nursing services rather than the pathway of the diagnosis for RHD.