Attraction of male summerform pear psylla to volatiles from female pear psylla: effects of female age, mating status, and presence of host plant
نویسندگان
چکیده
Pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Förster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae), is a pest of pears, Pyrus L. (Rosaceae), throughout North America and western Europe. Previous studies in our laboratory showed that males of the overwintering form (winter morphotype) were attracted to volatile chemicals from pear shoots infested with post-diapause females. The current study shows that males of the summer morphotype also are attracted to volatiles from female-infested host material. Older females (8–10 d old) were significantly more attractive to males than younger (2– 5 d old) females. Both virgin and mated females attracted male psylla. Volatiles from female summerforms attracted males even in the absence of host-plant material, and both living and freshly killed females were attractive. Our results indicate that female C. pyricola emit a volatile sex attractant, and the results of the studies further define the life-history conditions in female pear psylla that lead to male attraction. Résumé—Le psylle du poirier, Cacopsylla pyricola (Förster) (Hemiptera : Psyllidae), est un ravageur du poirier dans toute l’Amérique du Nord et l’Europe de l’Ouest. Des études antérieures dans notre laboratoire ont montré que les mâles de la forme hivernante (morphotype d’hiver) sont attirés par les substances volatiles émises par les pousses de poiriers infestées par des femelles au stade post-diapause. La présente étude montre que les mâles du morphotype d’été sont aussi attirés par les substances volatiles émises par les plantes hôtes infestées par les femelles. Les femelles plus âgées (8–10 j d’âge) sont significativement plus attirantes pour les mâles que les femelles plus jeunes (2–5 j d’âge). Tant les femelles vierges que les accouplées attirent les psylles mâles. Les substances volatiles émises par les femelles de la forme d’été attirent les mâles, même en l’absence de tissus de la plante hôte; de même, les femelles vivantes et celles qui sont fraîchement tuées sont attirantes. Nos travaux indiquent que les femelles de C. pyricola émettent une substance attractive sexuelle volatile et ils déterminent les conditions du cycle biologique des femelles du psylle du poirier qui provoquent l’attraction des mâles. [Traduit par la Rédaction]
منابع مشابه
Diapause status of females affects attraction of male pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola, to volatiles from female-infested pear shoots
A companion study showed that male pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Förster) (Homoptera: Psyllidae) were attracted to volatiles from pear shoots infested with post-diapause females. The present study compared the behavioral response of males to diapause and post-diapause females. Assays were done using a Y-tube olfactometer. We collected male and female winterform psylla from pear orchards at ...
متن کاملAttraction of male winterform pear psylla to female-produced volatiles and to female extracts and evidence of male–male repellency
Pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Förster) (Homoptera: Psyllidae), is a major pest of commercial pears in North America and Europe. Olfactometer trials have shown that males of both the summer and winter morphotype are attracted to female-infested host material. Additional work with the summer morphotype has shown that males are attracted to females even in the absence of the host plant, which ...
متن کاملResponse of summerform pear psylla (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) to male- and female-produced odors
We examined the role of chemical signals in sex attraction of pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Förster), assessing the response of summerform male and female psyllids to maleand female-produced volatile chemicals. Male psyllids were attracted to odors from live females and pentane extracts of females. Extracts of females were as attractive to males as live females, suggesting that the female-p...
متن کاملStability of Cacopsylla pyricola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) Populations in Pacific Northwest Pear Orchards Managed with Long-Term Mating Disruption for Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)
This study focused on conservation biological control of pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola, in the Pacific Northwest, USA. We hypothesized that insecticides applied against the primary insect pest, codling moth Cydia pomonella, negatively impact natural enemies of pear psylla, thus causing outbreaks of this secondary pest. Hence, the objective of this study was to understand how codling moth man...
متن کاملFunctional response of Anthocoris nemoralis (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) to the pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Hemiptera: Psyllidae): effect of pear varieties
Anthocoris nemoralis (F.) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae) is one of the most prominent predators of the pear psylla, Cacopsylla pyricola (Forster) (Hemiptera: Psyllidae) and is considered as a biological control agent against this pest. In order to investigate the effects of plant varieties on predation of C. pyricola by A. nemoralis, the functional response of both the sexes of A. nemoralis to pear ...
متن کامل