Three Way Catalyst Control using PI-style Controller with HEGO Sensor Feedback

Recent research has shown that control of the oxygen content in the catalyst has potential to further reduce the emissions from spark ignited engines. This gives rise to a cascade structure where an outer loop influences an inner loop. Different ways of augmenting the inner loop, a traditional PI-feedback controller based on feedback from the binary oxygen sensor, are studied. The SI-engine constraints on the control, such as low emissions and drive ability, are considered in the evaluation of the controllers. The result is that a delayed switching of the sensor is needed to control the oxygen content in the TWC using binary sensor feedback.