GENETIC AND PHENOTYPIC CHARACTERIZATION OF ISOLATES OF Pyricularia grisea FROM THE RICE CULTIVARS EPAGRI 108 AND 109 IN THE STATE OF TOCANTINS

نویسندگان

  • ANNE S. PRABHU
  • MARTA C. FILIPPI
  • LEILA G. ARAUJO
  • JOSIAS C. FARIA
  • Anne Sitarama Prabhu
چکیده

An epidemic of rice (Oryza sativa) blast occurred on cultivars Epagri 108 and 109 in the municipalities of Lagoa da Confusão and Duerê in the State of Tocantins, during the rice-growing season 199899. DNA fingerprinting and virulence phenotype analysis were utilized to determine the diversity of Pyricularia grisea isolates collected from these cultivars in one epidemic year. Rep-PCR analysis of isolates was done by using two primer sequences from Pot2. Two distinct fingerprint groups or lineages were identified among 53 isolates collected from nine different commercial fields. The virulence pattern of isolates retrieved from these two cultivars was analyzed in artificial inoculation tests utilizing 32 genotypes in the greenhouse. A dendrogram constructed from virulence phenotype data showed a single group considering 77% similarity level. The predominant pathotype IB-45 was represented by 47 of the 53 isolates corresponding to 83%. Four other pathotypes (IB-1, IB-9, IB-13 and IB-41) were identified at random among the isolates from these cultivars. There was no relation between rep-PCR grouping and pathotypes. The results showed that the isolates of P. grisea recovered from cultivars Epagri108 and 109 in farmers’ fields had narrow phenotypic and genetic diversity. The blast outbreak on these two cultivars one year after their introduction could be attributed to the new pathotype IB-45 or its increase, which was hitherto existing in low frequency. Additional key words: Magnaporthe grisea, molecular markers, Oryza sativa, rep-PCR analysis, rice blast. RESUMO Caracterização genética e fenotípica de isolados de Pyricularia grisea coletados em lavouras das cultivares Epagri 108 e 109 no Estado do Tocantins Foi constatada a ocorrência de uma epidemia de brusone, na safra 1998/99 nas cultivares de arroz (Oryza sativa) irrigado Epagri 108 e 109, nos municípios de Lagoa da Confusão e Duerê, do Estado do Tocantins, na safra 1998-99. Foram utilizados “DNA fingerprinting” e análise fenotípica de virulência para determinar a diversidade entre isolados de Pyricularia grisea coletados nestas duas cultivares no ano de epidemia. A análise de DNA dos isolados foi realizada utilizando rep-PCR para amplificação das sequências entre os elementos repetitivos Pot2. Dois grupos distintos de bandas polimórficas ou linhagens foram identificados entre os 53 isolados coletados em nove diferentes lavouras comerciais. O padrão de virulência dos isolados foi estudado através de inoculações artificiais em 32 genótipos, em casa de vegetação. O dendrograma construído com base nos dados de virulência fenotípica, permitiu distinguir apenas um grupo, considerando o nível de similaridade de 77%. O patótipo predominante IB-45 foi representado por 47 dos 53 isolados correspondendo a 83%. Foram identificados quatro patótipos (IB-1, IB-9, IB-13 e IB-41) entre isolados coletados nestas duas cultivares. Não houve relação entre agrupamento dos isolados por rep-PCR e patótipos. Os resultados ainda demonstraram que os isolados de P. grisea provenientes das cultivares Epagri 108 e 109 apresentaram estreita diversidade fenotípica e genética. A epidemia da brusone nestas duas cultivares, um ano após o lançamento, pode ser atribuída ao surgimento do novo patótipo IB-45 ou à sua preexistência em baixa freqüência e rápido aumento no campo.

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تاریخ انتشار 2003