Calcific aortic stenosis: novel insights in pathophysiology, diagnosis and management
نویسندگان
چکیده
Recenti evidenze hanno dimostrato che la progressiva degenerazione calcifica dei lembi valvolari è determinata da eventi biologici attivi prevalentemente regolati dai lipidi e da fenomeni infiammatori. Le manifestazioni cliniche della stenosi aortica severa sono spesso confondenti e presentano un’alta variabilità nella popolazione. Comunque, l’insorgenza dei sintomi rappresenta un’indicazione assoluta all’intervento chirurgico di sostituzione valvolare. L’ecocardiografia svolge un ruolo essenziale nella diagnosi e nella valutazione del grado di severità della stenosi aortica. Nonostante le numerose evidenze che supportano l’efficacia dell’intervento chirurgico di sostituzione valvolare aortica nella popolazione anziana, circa il 30-40% dei pazienti con indicazione alla chirurgia non vengono operati a causa dell’età avanzata e della comorbidità. Crescenti evidenze provenienti da studi clinici controllati indicano che la tecnica di sostituzione valvolare aortica transcatetere rappresenta una valida alternativa alla chirurgia tradizionale per i pazienti inoperabili con eccellenti risultati sulla qualità di vita e sulla sopravvivenza.
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