A comparative study of anti-arrhythmic and hemodynamic effects of dihydropyridines and oxidized dihydropyridines in the model of ischemia- and reperfusion- induced arrhythmias in rats

Our previous studies have established cardio-protective effects of furnidipine, a dihydropyridine, and its active metabolites. Privileged pharmacophore as the dihydropyridines are named, are known to protect the heart from ventricular arrhythmias also. Furnidipine, is oxidatively metabolized in the body and M-2 is known to be such a major metabolite of it. We therefore decided to study 1) the influence of furnidipines’ three metabolites (M-2, M-3, M-8 administered 24 and 1 h before LAD occlusion in the dose of 20 mg/kg p.o. each) in ischemia-and reperfusioninduced arrhythmias Sprague-Dawley rats’ model, and 2) the effects of chronic treatment after experimental infarction (from 6 to 35 day) with M-2 (4 mg/kg p.o.) in rats. In the first series of experiments, mortality was significantly reduced in M-2 and M-3 treated groups with M-3 preventing animal mortality entirely. All three examined substances significantly reduced the ventricular fibrillation (VF) incidence and its duration with M-3 completely preventing VF. Through the occlusion and reperfusion, M-8 was strongly hypotensive as compared to control while such a drastic effect was not seen with M-2 or M-3. Among the tested metabolites, M-2 and M-3 exhibited the most pronounced anti-arrhythmic effect at same time being the most normotensive and therefore were considered as the most cardio-protective.