Ventilator-induced lung injury: from barotrauma to biotrauma.

Novel approaches to minimize ventilator-induced lung injury

PURPOSE OF REVIEW To discuss the mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury and the pro and cons of the different approaches proposed by literature to minimize its impact in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome. RECENT FINDINGS Mechanical ventilation is indispensable to manage respiratory failure. The evolution of knowledge of the physiological principles and of the clinical im...

Ventilator-associated lung injury.

Mechanical ventilation of disease-affected lungs, as well as being an inadequate mode of ventilation for initially healthy lungs, can cause significant changes in their structure and function. In order to differentiate these processes, two terms are used: ventilator-associated lung injury (VALI) and ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI). In both cases, lung injury primarily results from differe...

Ventilator-induced lung injury without biotrauma?

Short-term exposure to high-pressure ventilation leads to pulmonary biotrauma and systemic inflammation in the rat.

Though often lifesaving, mechanical ventilation itself bears the risk of lung damage [ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI)]. The underlying molecular mechanisms have not been fully elucidated, but stress-induced mediators seem to play an important role in biotrauma related to VILI. Our purpose was to evaluate an animal model of VILI that allows the observation of pathophysiologic changes along...

[Understanding the mechanisms of ventilator-induced lung injury].

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Mechanical ventilation is considered a basic element of life support in the intensive care unit and is essential for patients with acute lung injury (ALI) and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Experimental studies have demonstrated that mechanical ventilation with high volumes and/or high pressures can exacerbate (VALI) or induce lung injury (VILI) with histo...