Inhaled loxapine for rapid treatment of agitation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder: an update
نویسنده
چکیده
253 ISSN 1758-2008 10.2217/NPY.12.23 © 2012 Future Medicine Ltd Neuropsychiatry (2012) 2(3), 253–260 Summary Agitation is a common presenting problem in emergency departments and treatments currently range from de-escalation techniques to medications, in either oral or intramuscular forms. Oral medications can be diverted and have a relatively long delay of onset. This delay is problematic for agitated patients in that the agitation may escalate prior to onset of action of the medication. This can lead to the need for intramuscular medications or even physical restraints. Regarding intramuscular medications, they tend to work more quickly but are highly invasive. A new delivery system using loxapine is currently being
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