Immune response to ovalbumin following bisphenol A administration in mice fed with a low level of dietary protein.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE We have previously shown that bisphenol A (BPA) augments T-helper (Th) 1 activity with no significant effects on an established oral tolerance to ovalbumin (OVA) in mice fed with a normal protein diet. The present study aimed to examine the effect of BPA on the immune response in a mouse model maintained on a very low protein diet (5% casein). METHODS Mice were fed on a 5% protein diet, together with either OVA (OVA-fed) or water (water-fed), immunized intraperitoneally with OVA at 3-week intervals and administered BPA between the 2 immunizations. A week after the last immunization, animals were sacrificed and examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for serum titers of total immunoglobulin E (IgE), OVA-specific IgE, immunoglobulin G (IgG), IgG1, IgG2a, and the production of interferon-gamma, interleukin (IL)-4, and IL-12. RESULTS In both BPA-treated and non-treated animals, OVA feeding resulted in lower titers of total and OVA-specific IgE, and OVA-specific IgG (p<0.05). There were higher levels of interferon-gamma (p<0.05), IL-4, and IL-12 (p<0.05) in animals with OVA tolerance following BPA treatment. However, IL-12 production was augmented only in BPA-treated water-fed animals (p<0.01). CONCLUSION BPA administration in mice fed with a low level of dietary protein augmented Th1 cytokines more profoundly in the animals with OVA tolerance than in the non-tolerant animals.