Food Safety in Animal Production
نویسندگان
چکیده
Air pollution has been one of Europe’s main political concerns since the late 1970’s. The aim of EU-policy is to develop and implement appropriate instruments to improve air quality. The Sixth Environment Action Programme, “Environment 2010: Our future, Our Choice” regards the period from 2001 until 2010. One of the important issues of the EAP is the reduction of greenhouse gasses. This also supports the aims of the Kyoto-Protocol, because EU-countries have promised to decline their emissions with 8% in total in 2010 in comparison with 1990. In the EAP each country of the EU has an Emission Ceiling for gasses as SO2, NOx and NH3. According to an EU-directive these emission ceilings have to be reached in 2010. In addition to the EU-rules, each country have to implement its own national programme for a progressive reduction of the national emissions. For poultry, the reduction of NH3-emission is the most important issue in the EAP. Already there was EU-directive in 1996 concerning the integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC). According to this directive no new poultry farm larger than 40,000 bird places may be operated without a permit. From 2007 all farms need a permission and have to use a so called BAT. These are techniques that aim to reduce emission of ammonia at acceptable costs. Large farms have to make a Environmental Impact Assessment when they apply for a new permit. For already many years in Holland poultry farms require a permit in which also the amount of ammonia and odour emission is registered. Lists of ammonia and odour emission factors for all the housing systems in the different poultry categories has been established. To fulfil the EU-directive 2001/81/EC, the Dutch government has set maximum values for the ammonia emission from farms. Together with the environment regulations, poultry farmers also have to deal with EU-directives on animal welfare. Most of the housing systems that give good welfare, have higher emissions of ammonia. These systems also consume more energy, which doesn’t harmonise with the need to reduce the emission of CO2.
منابع مشابه
Fungal Contamination of Feed Material Manufactured in Iran with Emphasis on Its Importance in Safety of Animal Origin Foods
Background: Mycotoxins are a group of structurally diverse substances produced by a wide range of moulds. These fungal secondary metabolites, whose presence in feed is unavoidable, can impose hazards to human and animal health. Continuous concern about potential effects of mycotoxins in the human diet has led to an increasing interest in researches about fungi and mycotoxin production. The aim ...
متن کاملClosing gaps: integrating food safety management systems into the veterinary curriculum, as a tool to improve food quality and trade
متن کامل
ASAS Centennial Paper: Developments and future outlook for preharvest food safety.
The last century of food animal agriculture is a remarkable triumph of scientific research. Knowledge derived through research has resulted in the development and use of new technologies that have increased the efficiency of food production and created a huge animal production and food manufacturing industry capable of feeding the US population while also providing significant quantities of hig...
متن کاملAssuring food safety: the complementary tasks and standards of the World Organisation for Animal Health and the Codex Alimentarius Commission.
The Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures of the World Trade Organization specifically recognises the international standards developed by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) and the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC). OIE standards focus on animal health and zoonoses and those of the CAC on food safety, but since zoonoses can affect food safety, it is ...
متن کاملConsumers and Organic Foods: Niche markets
such as those for organic foods are rapidly increasing worldwide. Although consumers support development of technologies to improve animal health and meat quality, they have a negative view of what can be perceived as “unnatural” in the pork production system. Organic products are often purchased, because it is believed that they are healthier and safer than conventional products. Moreover, in ...
متن کاملGuide to good farming practices for animal production food safety.
Food safety is now universally recognised as a public health priority. It requires a global approach, from production to consumption. This article addresses the first stage of the food chain and the steps farmers can take to optimise the food safety control of products of animal origin. This inevitably means controlling the health status of the animals from which food products are derived. The ...
متن کامل