Synthesiology - English edition

−174− Synthesiology English edition Vol.7 No.3 pp.174-184 (Dec. 2014) the password was cracked due to exhaustive searches because an easily guessed password was used. “Former employees, acquaintances, etc.” means that the crime was committed by individuals such as the server manager who had the right to access to the victim’s password. The former case will be explained in detail in subchapter 1.2. For the latter case, it has been a problem that a third party can know the password by using the information leaked from the server, and this problem will be explained in subchapter 1.3. As countermeasures to “heard or peeked” and “lax setting and management of password,” it is recommended to employ twofactor authentication where information other than passwords is used concurrently, in addition to alerting and educating the users. However, as the two-factor authentication becomes more prevalent, the resistance against loss and theft of client devices becomes important, and this will be explained in subchapter 1.4. Finally, the problem of phishing fraud will be discussed in subchapter 1.5.