High-Resolution Imaging and Manipulation of Membrane Proteins by atomic force microscopy (AFM)
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چکیده
High-Resolution Imaging and Manipulation of Membrane Proteins by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Summary Membrane proteins are nanometric machines fulfilling defined functions in cell membranes. They work as transporters, linkers, adhesion molecules, channels, pumps, receptors, enzymes, and in the bio-energetic machineries, only naming a few tasks. In agreement with their importance, it was found that 25 % of all genes in organisms ranging from bacteria to human, code for membrane proteins. Biologists have a set of techniques to analyze membrane protein structure and function. Here, the use of atomic force microscopy (AFM) as a powerful tool for high-resolution imaging, to nano-manipulate individual molecules and to perform force measurements on single membrane proteins is reviewed. Most recently, the AFM has shown to be a unique technique to investigate native multi-protein containing membranes at submolecular resolution.
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