Automatic Interior Orientation of Kfa-1000 Space Photo

This paper concerned with a comparative study and implementation of Interior orientation manually and automatically for KFA1000. In manually method, firstly, we reproduced the image to its reduced size photographically from the original image to be measurable in a mono comparator from 30*30 cm to 23*23 cm which proceeds by measuring of photo coordinates of four pieces of KFA-1000 photo. After computation, it was realized that geometric distortion due to photography is high so the chosen method is to make a photographic reproduction of the image in suitable pieces, measuring with traditional instruments and pining the pieces together before calculation. In the second method, we scanned the space photo and used digital image processing techniques in which CCF (Cross correlation Function) and BinaryCCF were used to approximate positioning followed by quadratic surface fitting for the purpose of precise fiducial centre determination. In both methods, we applied three types of transformation called Conformal, Affine and 2D projective to the algorithms. The final results showed that we could achieve sub-pixel accuracy of nearly 10 micrometer for 25 micrometer pixel size image by using 2D projective transformation which is approximately equal to the accuracy achieved in manual method. With respect to differences between aerial and KFA-1000 photos, we considered those differences and applied them to the algorithms used in both fields (aerial and space) particularly different background at location of each fiducial mark in KFA-1000 which made us to resample a suitable template while in aerial photos backgrounds in any photo are similar with good contrast which guarantee the robustness of the algorithms. We also examined the effect of pre-processing techniques on the robustness of algorithm and took into account the results.