prophylactic antibiotics in otolaryngologic surgeries: from knowledge to practice

introduction: the management and use of antimicrobial drugs has clinical, economic, and environmental implications. in many countries, antimicrobial drugs are the most frequently prescribed therapeutic agents. therefore, health-care policy should focus on how to establish a rational attitude toward antibiotics. this study was performed to investigate antibiotic usage as a prophylactic regimen in head and neck surgeries.  materials and methods: this study was a retrospective case series. patients undergoing otolaryngology surgeries in a tertiary referral otolaryngology center were included. members of operating room staff that were unaware of the study objectives collected patients’ data using a questionnaire that contained information regarding general medical condition, disease, surgical procedure, and prophylaxis regimen and duration.   results: excluding infected patients, we studied 1349 patients during a four-month period who needed prophylactic antibiotics. a total of 34 different types of surgical procedures were performed. out of the total number of patients, 503 (37.0%) received a parenteral antibiotic directly before surgery. the main antibiotics used before surgery were cephalosporins (94.9%). all of the 1349 patients were administered antibiotics after the procedure. these antibiotics where given with a mean number of doses of 4.81 (range: 1–68), and also consisted of mostly cephalosporins. conclusion: our results indicate that prophylactic antibiotics were being significantly misused in a tertiary referral center of a university hospital. although teaching the principles of prophylaxis to physicians is important, we think that finding a way to bring this knowledge to practice is more important.