of integrated application of farmyard manure, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria and chemical fertilizers on production of canola (brassica napus l.) in saline soil of qum

canola (brassica napus l.) is one of the most important oil seed crops. in order to evaluate the effects of integrated fertilization (chemical, manure and biofertilizers) on canola (b. napus variety hyola 401) yield and uptake of mineral nutrients in saline soil and water, a field experiment was conducted in randomized complete blocks (rcbd) arrangement with eight treatments in three replications in qum province, iran. treatments were: (1) control, p%100 (phosphorus %100), (2) p%75b1 (phosphorus %75+ barvar biofertilizer), (3) p%75b2 (phosphorus %75+ nitroxin biofertilizer), (4) p%75m (phosphorus %75+ farmyard manure), (5) p%75b1m (phosphorus %75+ barvar + farmyard manure), (6) p%75b2m (phosphorus %75+ nitroxin+ farmyard manure), (7) p%100b1 (phosphorus %100 + barvar) and (8) p%125b2 (phosphorus %125+ nitroxin). the results showed that the highest yield was obtained from p%75b1m. difference between integrated fertilization of farmyard manure and other treatments was significant. farmyard manure increased canola yield which was attributed to increase in availability of mineral nutrients, decreasing effects of salinity and toxic ions. integrated application of 5 t. ha-1 of farmyard manure and %75 recommended chemical p increased yield and decreased fertilizer consumption. the results revealed that integrated applications of farmyard manure and chemical fertilizer and after that integrated use of bio- and chemical fertilizer are the best strategies to increase nutrient availability and improving canola yield in saline soil.