fluence map optimization in intensity modulated radiation therapy for fuzzy target dose

although many methods exist for intensity modulated radiotherapy (imrt) fluence map optimization for crisp data, based on clinical practice, some of the involved parameters are fuzzy. in this paper, the best fluence maps for an imrt procedure were identifed as a solution of an optimization problem with a quadratic objective function, where the prescribed target dose vector was fuzzy. first, a defuzzyingprocedure was introduced to change the fuzzy model of the problem into an equivalent non-fuzzy one. since the solution set was nonconvex, the optimal solution was then obtained by performing a projection operation in applying the gradient method. numerical simulations for two typical clinical cases (for prostate and head-and-neck cancers, each for two patients) are given.