bacterial biofilm and its inhibition mechanisms relying on anti-biofilm properties of plant compounds

abstract biofilm is a complex community of microorganisms residing within a polysaccharide and/or protein matrix. biofilm can be produced by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. both gram positive and gram negative bacteria have this ability. resistance of biofilm to antimicrobial agents is becoming a global issue. bacterial biofilms are important in various aspects such as chronic human infections, dental plaque, infection of indwelling medical devices like catheters; animal and plant diseases and they are also a major problem in industries and food processing units. it is estimated that more than 80% of all microbial infections are caused by biofilms. the aim of this study was to describe biofilm and the importance of bacterial biofilms. we discoursed about resistance of bacteria in biofilm phase; and finally, the known anti-biofilm mechanisms have been discussed. also, due to the importance of plant compounds for treatment of bacterial infections and as, there has been increased interest in controlling of bacterial infections by these substances, some recent studies in this field (plant compounds as anti-biofilm agents) have been expressed.