child maltreatment in the world: a review article

child abuse is a recognized public health and social problem worldwide. according to the world health organization (who), child abuse includes all forms of physical and/or emotional ill-treatment, sexual abuse, neglect and negligent treatment and exploitation. child maltreatment is a global problem with serious life-long consequences. in spite of recent national surveys in several low- and middle-income countries, data from many countries are still lacking. estimates of child maltreatment indicate that nearly a quarter of adults (22.6%) worldwide suffered physical abuse as a child, 36.3% experienced emotional abuse and 16.3% experienced physical neglect, with no significant differences between boys and girls. however, the lifetime prevalence rate of childhood sexual abuse indicates more marked differences by sex – 18% for girls and 7.6% for boys.  the lifelong consequences of child maltreatment include impaired physical and mental health, poorer school performance, and job and relationship difficulties. ultimately, child maltreatment can contribute to slowing a country's economic and social development. we conclude that child maltreatment is a widespread, global phenomenon affecting the lives of millions of children all over the world, which is in sharp contrast with the united nation's convention on the rights of the child.