WHERE IS THE CHROMOSPHERIC RESPONSE TO CONDUCTIVE ENERGY INPUT FROM A HOT PRE-FLARE CORONAL LOOP?

Where Is the Chromospheric Response to Conductive Energy Input from a Hot Pre-flare Coronal Loop?

Before the onset of a flare is observed in hard X-rays there is often a prolonged pre-flare or pre-heating phase with no detectable hard X-ray emission but pronounced soft X-ray emission suggesting that energy is being released and deposited into the corona and chromosphere already at this stage. This work analyses the temporal evolution of coronal source heating and the chromospheric response ...

Coronal loop oscillations and flare shock waves

A statistical analysis of coronal loop oscillations observed by TRACE shows that 12 of 28 cases were associated with metric type II bursts. The timing is consistent with the idea that the loop oscillations in many cases result from the passage of a large-scale wave disturbance originating in a flare in the nearby active region. The GOES classifications for these flares range from C4.2 to X20. T...

Observations of conduction driven evaporation in the early rise phase of solar flares

Context. The classical flare picture features a beam of electrons, which were accelerated in a site in the corona, hitting the chromosphere. The electrons are stopped in the dense chromospheric plasma, emitting bremsstrahlung in hard X-rays. The ambient material is heated by the deposited energy and expands into the magnetic flare loops, a process termed chromospheric evaporation. In this view ...

the role of russia in transmission of energy from central asia and caucuses to european union

پس ازفروپاشی شوروی،رشد منابع نفت و گاز، آسیای میانه و قفقاز را در یک بازی ژئوپلتیکی انرژی قرار داده است. با در نظر گرفتن این منابع هیدروکربنی، این منطقه به یک میدانجنگ و رقابت تجاری برای بازی های ژئوپلتیکی قدرت های بزرگ جهانی تبدیل شده است. روسیه منطقه را به عنوان حیات خلوت خود تلقی نموده و علاقمند به حفظ حضورش می باشد تا همانند گذشته گاز طبیعی را به وسیله خط لوله مرکزی دریافت و به عنوان یک واس...

Where is Patient Safety Research and Practice Heading? A Response to Recent Commentaries