What Was to Happen Already Occurred

Understanding Personal Practical Knowledge; From what teachers must know to what teachers already know

The purpose of this study is understanding the Personal Practical Knowledge (PPK) of teachers which has been done through qualitative method. Understanding PPK helps us to understand why teachers act in a specific way. In this regards, reflecting on their personal and professional narratives also help to improve their practice. This study was conducted along with 13 teachers in a non-profit pri...

What Will Happen to Brazilian Fertility?

Despite the absence of an official family planning policy, demographic changes in Brazil occurred at an unprecedented pace in the second half of the twentieth century, ushering in an era with total fertility rates near the replacement level. According to the population censuses, the total population in Brazil was 52 million in 1950 and 170 million in 2000. This reflected a mean annual growth ra...

What Will Probably Happen

What Was Llull Up To?

In the histories of logic and of computer science which mention precursors and pioneers, we often find mention of Leibniz, the great l7th-century mathematician and philosopher, who was one of the first to try to build a mechanical calculator, and who tried to formulate a Mathesis universalis, a sort of scientific language which would permit any two disputants to settle their differences merely ...

Knowing What to Believe (when you already know something)

Although much work in NLP has focused on simply determining what a document means, we also must know whether or not to believe it. Fact-finding algorithms attempt to identify the “truth” among competing claims in a corpus, but fail to take advantage of the user’s prior knowledge and presume that truth itself is universal and objective rather than subjective. We introduce a framework for incorpo...