Wearable Panda-Shaped Textile Antenna with Annular Ring-Defected Ground Structure for Wireless Body Area Networks

This research presents a compact panda-shaped wearable antenna with defected ground structure (DGS). It is fabricated using flexible material to work at 2.4-GHz industrial scientific medical (ISM) band, confirming the wireless body area network (WBAN) application requirements. The annular ring DGS and circular elliptical slots in patch aid achieving operating frequency. Good impedance bandwidth maintained during on-body bending analysis. Furthermore, this exhibits peak gain of 7.3 dB minimum specific absorption rate (SAR) 0.0233 W/kg for 1 g tissue 1.02 10 tissue. investigation shows that an good robustness, compact, high flexibility, very low SAR makes it strong candidate WBAN applications.