منابع مشابه
Hazards of Volcanic Gases
aerosol A colloidal dispersion of liquid particles in a gas, e.g., SO2, which will react with the OH radical in the atmosphere to form tiny droplets of sulfuric acid (H2SO4). hazard In a volcanic context, hazard refers to the phenomena produced by a volcanic event and is directly related to Risk, where Risk1⁄4Hazard Vulnerability, with vulnerability referring to the consequences for population ...
متن کاملUsing Statistical and Computer Models to Quantify Volcanic Hazards
Risk assessment of rare natural hazards— such as large volcanic block and ash or pyroclastic flows— is addressed. Assessment is approached through a combination of computer modeling, statistical modeling, and extreme-event probability computation. A computer model of the natural hazard is used to provide the needed extrapolation to unseen parts of the hazard space. Statistical modeling of the a...
متن کاملVolcanic Ash Can Pose Hazards to Air Traffic
When volcanoes erupt, lava flows are what concern many people. But as air traffic increases, some scientists at agencies in the U.S. and abroad—including the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), and NASA—also are focusing on how to avoid costly and potentially deadly problems that can arise from volcanic ash clouds. The clouds can rise into the ...
متن کاملThe respiratory health hazards of volcanic ash: a review for volcanic risk mitigation
Studies of the respiratory health effects of different types of volcanic ash have been undertaken only in the last 40 years, and mostly since the eruption of Mt. St. Helens in 1980. This review of all published clinical, epidemiological and toxicological studies, and other work known to the authors up to and including 2005, highlights the sparseness of studies on acute health effects after erup...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Natural Hazards
سال: 2008
ISSN: 0921-030X,1573-0840
DOI: 10.1007/s11069-008-9254-2