Virtual outcrop geology comes of age: The application of consumer-grade virtual reality hardware and software to digital outcrop data analysis

In this work, the application of consumer-grade virtual reality (VR) hardware and software to analysis digital outcrop data is explored. Here, we utilize a widely available VR platform (HTC Vive) based freeform 3D visual arts package (Google Tilt Brush), digitize fault traces from photo-textured models exposures Penrith Sandstone Formation (Lacy's Caves), in northwest England. Using MATLAB routines provided herein, triangular meshes output Brush are used as basis for fracture trace map extraction, which turn, generate properties (trace length, orientation, areal intensity). We compare results two equivalent datasets obtained Lacy's Caves model using deployed via conventional flat panel display: namely (1) extracted optical ray tracing manually interpreted calibrated images (2) fitted directly textured mesh manual polyline interpretation within an established (OpenPlot). Fault statistics broadly those acquired maps display analyses presented herein. case study, it was found that faster acquisition than comparative pixel-based approach, requires linkage merging mapped multiple contiguous images. Manual raster did however provide with significantly higher intensity, incurring censoring finer traces, due limited resolution mesh. Whilst times resultant intensities proved similar between OpenPlot workflows, noted anecdotally, holds some advantages operator when interpreting exhibiting complex geometries, such mine workings caves systems, clip point implemented viewport tools obstructing user obtaining optimum view surface. techniques, here, immersive analytical environment operator. This allows users fuse powerful visualizations photo-realistic geological collection, fulfilling early promise ‘virtual outcrops’ medium can emulate traditional fieldwork. It hoped study its associated code library will facilitate evaluation emerging technologies applications, by access non-specialists systems. Finally, prospects use technology field geology, well wider geosciences, also discussed.