منابع مشابه
Viroids: unusual small pathogenic RNAs.
Viroids are small (about 300 nucleotides), single-stranded, circular, non-encapsidated pathogenic RNA molecules. They do not code for proteins and thus depend on plant host enzymes for their replication and other functions. They induce plant diseases by direct interaction with host factors but the mechanism of pathogenicity is still unknown. They can alter the expression of selected plant genes...
متن کاملComparative Analysis of Cyclic Sequences: Viroids and other Small Circular RNAs
The analysis of small circular sequences requires specialized tools. While the differences between linear and circular sequences can be neglected in the case of long molecules such as bacterial genomes since in practice all analysis is performed in sequence windows, this is not true for viroids and related sequences which are usually only a few hundred basepairs long. In this contribution we pr...
متن کاملTwo chloroplastic viroids induce the accumulation of small RNAs associated with posttranscriptional gene silencing.
In plants, posttranscriptional gene silencing (PTGS) has been reported for cytoplasmic RNAs from endogenous nuclear genes, transgenes, viruses, and, recently, for a viroid with nuclear replication and accumulation. However, phenomena of this kind have not been described for mitochondrial or chloroplastic RNAs. Here we show that viroids that replicate and accumulate in the chloroplast are also t...
متن کاملViroids: the minimal non-coding RNAs with autonomous replication.
Viroids are small (246-401 nucleotides), non-coding, circular RNAs able to replicate autonomously in certain plants. Viroids are classified into the families Pospiviroidae and Avsunviroidae, whose members replicate in the nucleus and chloroplast, respectively. Replication occurs by an RNA-based rolling-circle mechanism in three steps: (1). synthesis of longer-than-unit strands catalyzed by host...
متن کاملSynthesis of infectious viroids and other circular RNAs.
Viroids are small autonomously replicating RNAs that share structural features with other subviral circular single-stranded RNAs of plants. Viroids and other circular single-stranded RNAs can be synthesised in vitro by a PCR-based procedure using a simple set of reactions. Two end-to-end primers are selected from a desired region of the viroid, one for the synthesis of the first strand cDNA and...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Acta Biochimica Polonica
سال: 2004
ISSN: 1734-154X,0001-527X
DOI: 10.18388/abp.2004_3546