Vesicobullous disorders of female genitalia

Surgery for Female Ambiguous Genitalia

Historically, in female pseudohermaphrodites a staged procedure with early clitoral reduction and delayed vaginoplasty was often the treatment of choice. In recent years several authors have described 1-stage genitoplasty that is performed in the first year of life. The 1stage procedure for clitoroplasty and vaginal exteriorization is preferable for an optimal functional and cosmetic result. Be...

Robotic genitalia sparing female cystectomy

Robotic genitalia sparing female cystectomy Erdal Alkan1, Abdullah Erdem Canda2, Altug Semiz3, Ahmet Oguz Ozkanli4, Merve Yilmaz4, Mevlana Derya Balbay1 1Memorial Şişli Hospital, Department of Urology, Istanbul, Turkey 2Yildirim Beyazit University, School of Medicine, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Department of Urology, Ankara, Turkey 3Memorial Şişli Hospital, Department of Gyn...

Ultrasound evaluation of the female internal genitalia

Non-gonococcal infections of the female genitalia.

Non-gonococcal inflammations of the female genitalia are of very common occurrence and many of them correspond to forms of non-gonococcal urethritis in the male. Some authors, including Ilyin (1966), have found various inflammatory processes of the lower urogenital tract in the majority of women who had had sexual contact with men suffering from non-gonococcal urethritis; such women may have va...

The Spirochetal Flora of the Normal Female Genitalia

The spirochetal flora of normal female genitalia is similar to that of the male and consists of Treponema calligyrum, Treponema minutum, and Spironema refringens. The types are present in varying proportions, but the calligyrum usually predominates, and the refringens is the least frequent. The female genitalia are much richer generally in the number of spirochetes than the male.