Vertical-Longitudinal Coupling Effect Investigation and System Optimization for a Suspension-In-Wheel-Motor System in Electric Vehicle Applications

In-wheel-motor-drive electric vehicles have attracted enormous attention due to its potentials of improving vehicle performance and safety. Road surface roughness results in forced vibration in-wheel-motor (IWM) thus aggravates the unbalanced magnetic force (UEMF) between rotor stator. This can further compromise vertical longitudinal dynamics. paper presents a comprehensive study reveal coupled vertical–longitudinal effect on suspension-in-wheel-motor systems (SIWMS) along with viable optimization procedure improve ride comfort handling performance. First, UEMF model is established analyze mechanical–electrical–magnetic coupling relationship inside an IWM. Then road–tire–ring (RTR) that capture transient tire–road contact patch tire belt deformation accurately describe road–tire tire–rotor forces. The RTRF are incorporated into quarter-SIWMS investigate Through simulation studies, evaluation system put forward quantitatively assess effects during braking maneuvers under various road conditions. key parameters SIWMS optimized via multi-optimization method reduce adverse impact UEMF. Finally, validated virtual prototype which contains high-fidelity multi-body model. show acceleration fluctuation rate slip ratio signal-to-noise reduced by 5.07% 6.13%, respectively, while directions varies from 22.2% 34.7%, after optimization. Thus, negative minimized