Vagueness in Artificial Intelligence: The ‘Fuzzy Logic’ of AI-Related Patent Claims

Abstract Artificial intelligence is an emerging technology with average growth rate of 64.70% in patent filings worldwide and 39.71% Europe between 2015 2019, according to Espacenet queries. This trend has raised several concerns regarding the implications for Intellectual Property rights, including disclosure, which one main components justifying existence system. Despite its importance, this requirement been disputed due certain tendencies that distort functions act disclosure fulfils, such as promoting innovation, research or teaching. With artificial intelligence–related patents being granted, once again compromised, perhaps even more particularities branch entails. In sense, concern lies question how should be disclosed, well fulfilment requirement. To aim, two case studies are conducted show heterogeneity compliance requirement, focusing on filed at European Patent Office. The methodology used consists analysis a core-AI AI application allow assess differences both inventions. highlights relevance topic allows propose three recommendations improve sufficiency AI-related claims: metrics benchmark analysis, standardisation claim construction by introducing ‘claim chart’ peer review programme.