Use of Protamine in Nanopharmaceuticals—A Review

Macromolecular biomolecules are currently dethroning classical small molecule therapeutics because of their improved targeting and delivery properties. Protamine-a polycationic peptide-represents a promising candidate. In nature, it binds protects DNA against degradation during spermatogenesis due to electrostatic interactions between the negatively charged DNA-phosphate backbone positively protamine. Researchers mimicking this technique develop innovative nanopharmaceutical drug systems, incorporating protamine as carrier for biologically active components such or RNA. The first part review highlights ongoing investigations in field protamine-associated nanotechnology, discussing self-assembling manufacturing process nanoparticle engineering. Immune-modulating properties those that lead second key part, which is novel vaccine technologies. Protamine-based RNA systems vaccines (some belong new class mRNA-vaccines) infectious disease use cancer treatment reviewed, we provide an update on current state latest developments with pharmaceutical excipient vaccines.