Understanding the implication of Kawakita model parameters using in-die force-displacement curve analysis for compacted and non-compacted API powders

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate powder mechanics upon compression using data obtained from force-displacement (F-D) curves. Kawakita model analysis adopted in order compare the pressure-volume reduction relationship drug powders relation F-D Experiments were carried out on six drugs (metronidazole, metformin, secnidazole, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, and mebeverine). compressed at different pressures non-processed or processed (using a roller compactor) forms. Results indicate similarity between curves rearranged form model. foregoing enables calculation two important parameters, “ ” (maximum volume reduction) P k (pressure required achieve half maximum without need, as case conventional model, compress into tablets forces. Graphical abstract