Under storm risk, economic productivity of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) H. Karst) in monoculture shows sharper decline than in mixture with European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.)

Abstract Key message By calibrating and validating a forest growth model for seven species in Germany coupling it with wind damage simulator, we specifically estimated the impact of on net present value Norway spruce European beech mixture monoculture. Under risk, managements saw sharpest declines, although highest end was still obtained through heavily thinned Context Wind is one most important risks to Central forests, adaptation measures are essential. Aim Adaptive management strategies should simultaneously account production risk. We simulated effect adaptive wind-risk German forests. Methods A process-based model, “3-PG Mix”, recalibrated coupled storm risk “Lothar”. investigated thinning regimes monoculture mixed stands. The calculated compared (risk vs. no risk). Results Spruce achieved values when not considered. Considering mixtures monoculture, all reached below 3000 € ha −1 by year 120. exception at 4507 , being profitable regime under Conclusion conclude, basis this modelling study, that heavy reduced maintained higher spruce. Species levels remain more constant while increased.