Ulysses' pact or<scp>U</scp>lysses' raft: Using pre?analysis plans in experimental and nonexperimental research

Nonexperimental Quantitative Research

Mediation in experimental and nonexperimental studies: new procedures and recommendations.

Mediation is said to occur when a causal effect of some variable X on an outcome Y is explained by some intervening variable M. The authors recommend that with small to moderate samples, bootstrap methods (B. Efron & R. Tibshirani, 1993) be used to assess mediation. Bootstrap tests are powerful because they detect that the sampling distribution of the mediated effect is skewed away from 0. They...

Evaluating Social Policy by Experimental and Nonexperimental Methods

Establishing causal relationships in social policy evaluation is important, but difficult due to sample selection. To evaluate the performance of estimators designed to handle sample selection bias we analyse data from a Norwegian rehabilitation project with a randomised experimental design. The data permit us to compare the performance of different nonexperimental estimators with the experimen...

the investigation of research articles in applied linguistics: convergence and divergence in iranian elt context

چکیده ندارد.

: metadiscourse in introduction sections of applied linguistics and physics research articles: exploring variation in frequency and type

abstract in written mode of language, metadiscourse markers are used commonly to help writers in general and academic writers in particular to produce coherent and professional texts. the purpose of the present study was to compare introduction sections of applied linguistics and physics articles regarding their use of interactive and interactional metadiscourse markers based on the model pro...