Two-stage network structure with undesirable outputs approach

Articles in which nonparametric data envelopment analysis (DEA) is applied to estimate the efficiency based on a network structure usually consider desirable intermediary parts that are first stage’s outputs be used as second inputs. In many real-life situations, parameters include and undesirable outputs. This issue has drawn much attention from DEA researchers recent years. The main motivation for this application weak disposability modeling networks with parts. Undesirable have been investigated study two forms, i.e., final or parameters. both cases, non-cooperative game theory offered evaluating relative of executive units. 2008, real case was explicated 39 airports Spain proposed approaches.