Two-dimensional electrophoresis for milk protein components in mammals.

Detergents and chaotropes for protein solubilization before two-dimensional electrophoresis.

Because of the outstanding separating capabilities of two-dimensional electrophoresis for complete proteins, it would be advantageous to be able to apply it to all types of proteins. Unfortunately, severe solubility problems hamper the analysis of many classes of proteins, but especially membrane proteins. These problems arise mainly in the extraction and isoelectric focusing steps, and solutio...

Two-dimensional Electrophoresis

Two-dimensional (2D) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis is a classical technique for the separation of proteins. It Rrst appeared in the mid-1970s but for a long time it only found limited applications. Recently it has enjoyed an impressive renaissance. The major reasons for this are the introduction of the immobilized pH gradient (IPG) strips and the development of analytical methods capable o...

Two-Dimensional Electrophoresis

We compared cellular proteins from normal human blood lymphocytes, monocytes, and granulocytes, using highresolution two-dimensional electrophoresis. The leukocytes were isolated from peripheral blood by centrifugation on density step gradients (yielding a fraction of purified granulocytes and a lymphocyte/monocyte mixture) and monocytes were subsequently separated from lymphocytes by virtue of...

Two-dimensional Gel Electrophoresis

Current two-dimensional electrophoresis technology for proteomics.

Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) with immobilized pH gradients (IPGs) combined with protein identification by mass spectrometry (MS) is currently the workhorse for proteomics. In spite of promising alternative or complementary technologies (e.g. multidimensional protein identification technology, stable isotope labelling, protein or antibody arrays) that have emerged recently, 2-DE is...